Prison Recidivism And Reentry - 3158 Words

Women in Prison: Recidivism and Reentry The study of recidivism amongst women in prison is important because most research focuses on the male population. The reasons for the â€Å"revolving door† phenomenon are different for women; therefore, their treatment should be more gender focused and specific to their needs. Judging by the rates at which women recidivate, you could assume that somewhere along the way the system has failed them. What role does drug use, motherhood, mental health, physical, sexual, and mental abuse play in the recidivism of female inmates? According to Stuart and Brice-Baker (2004), drugs have been one of the major culprits leading to incarceration and repeat criminal offenses among women in recent years. Drug offenses have the largest increase of any crime committed by female offenders. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics (2012), the most serious offense for 59.4% of women in federal prison and 25.1% of women in state prisons is violatio n of drug laws (Carson Sabol, 2011). In addition, Stuart and Brice-Baker (2004) found that the rise in female criminal behavior and incarceration can be attributed to changes in women’s behavior and changes in the drug laws. The rate of drug sales, use, and addiction has increased, which has caused the number of women incarcerated for drug related crimes to increase. Although drug dealing has commonly been seen as a male dominated criminal activity, women have become more involved in the distributionShow MoreRelatedPrison : Recidivism And Reentry3158 Words   |  13 PagesWomen in Prison: Recidivism and Reentry The study of recidivism amongst women in prison is important because most research focuses on the male population. The reasons for the â€Å"revolving door† phenomenon are different for women; therefore, their treatment should be more gender focused and specific to their needs. Judging by the rates at which women recidivate, you could assume that somewhere along the way the system has failed them. What role does drug use, motherhood, mental health, physicalRead MoreThe Recidivism Rates Throughout The United States849 Words   |  4 Pages Just as the number of people in prison grows, so too does the number of people leaving prison. Research shows that 95 percent of all prisoners in the United States are released at some point (Katel 2009). The Department of Justice reports that more than 600,000 prisoners are released each year (John Oliver 2015). This means that hundreds of thousands of people reenter society and are expected to have learned from their time behind bars. Unfortunately, most of these people released back into societyRead MoreAmerica s High Prison Population1511 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica’s High Prison Population Since the 1970s, America’s prison population rate has risen 700%. Despite the U.S. comprising only 5% of the world’s population, it is the largest jailer with 25% of the world’s prison population with one in 99 adults in prison and one in 31 under some type of correctional control (Mass Incarceration Problems, 2014, p. 1). According to 2013 data, 2.2 million are currently incarcerated in U.S. prisons or jails (Incarceration, 2013, para. 1), a figure that indicatesRead MoreReentry And Reentry Initiatives : Jenifer1445 Words   |  6 Pages Reentry and Reentry Initiatives Jenifer Roberts Brown Mackie College TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT†¦ PAGE 3 INTRODUCTION†¦. PAGE 3 SUMMARY†¦.. PAGE 3 WHAT IS REENTRY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ PAGE 3 GOALS OF LAW ENFORCEMENT†¦.. PAGE 4 LAW ENFORCEMENT REENTRY INITIATIVES†¦ PAGE 4 REENTRY COURTS†¦.. PAGE 4 WHITE HOUSE OFFICE OF FAITH-BASED AND COMMUNITY INITIATIES†¦ PAGE 5 SERIOUS VILENT OFFENDER REENTRY INITIATIVE (SVORI)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. PAGE 5 TRANSITIONRead MoreThe Strain On Taxpayer s Money Essay1429 Words   |  6 PagesBureau of Prisons, on average, it costs 31,286 dollars to house one inmate. Some Maximum-Security prisons cost as much as 60,000 dollars an inmate and goes on to name that the most expensive prison, Guantanamo Bay in Cuba, costs approximately 90,000 dollars a year (The Law Dictionary, 2012). While the thought of alleviating the cost associated with jails and prisons, is an unreachable goal, the goal of lowering the number of recidivist and in turn lowering overcrowding is attainable. Prison programsRead MoreLong Term Effects Of Reentry Programs On Reducing Juvenile Recidivism Essay943 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of Reentry Programs On   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reducing Juvenile Recidivism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By: Tiffany Gilliam La Salle University PHLT 752: Capstone I Introduction Nearly, 5% of the world s population is represented by the United who possesses 25% of the world s prisoners (Liptak, 2008). Approximately 2.2 million prisoners are awaiting pre-trial and 1.6 million post-trial inmates are incarcerated in city, state, and federal prisons throughoutRead MoreThe Recidivism Reduction And Public Safety Act764 Words   |  4 Pages(Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Weekly 1). o The Recidivism Reduction and Public Safety Act of 2014: ï‚ § This act was introduced to congress by Senator Sheldon in 2013. The purpose of the bill was to reduce the prison population, reduce recidivism rates, and make communities safer. ï‚ § The act was passed by congress a year later in 2014. ï‚ § The act directs the U.S. attorney general to â€Å"conduct a review of recidivism reduction programs and productive activities which includes prison jobs offered within correctional facilities†¦Read MoreBeing Released From Prison : A Positive Outlook On Returning1075 Words   |  5 PagesBeing released from prison can be very hard and often the released do not have much of a positive outlook on returning to their communities and staying out of prison. These ex-offenders often return to an area that is disenfranchised and they themselves have a strong sense of anomie and disconnect. This coupled with the lack of resources, skills, opportunities, family ties, health issues, and the now added stigma of a criminal record often leads them back into the lives they may want to escapeRead MoreAn Offender Reentry Plan Will Keep the Citizens of Hawaii Safer.1709 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Department of Public Safety plays a key role in overseeing the management of jails and pri sons. Part of its role is to fulfill its mission of implementing a successful offender reentry program for all incarcerated offenders. This mission is mandated by the Hawaii State Senate Bill 932, Act 8 (Nakaso Kayton, 2007). The approval of this legislature was made in order to alleviate the problem of recidivism and stop the â€Å"swinging door effect.† The â€Å"swinging door effect† is defined as the repeatedRead MoreThe State s Criminal Justice System999 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to a report by Utah’s Commission on Criminal and Juvenile Justice (2014), the state’s prison population, while lower than most states, has increased more than 18 percent in the last 10 years and Utah annually spends $270 million dollars on corrections (summary, para 1-3). In response to this information, the Utah Legislature of 2015 passed House Bill 348, Criminal Justice Programs and Amendments in an effort to reform the criminal justice system in Utah. The bill ini tiated the state’s Criminal

The Conflict Between The Old World And The New World

From the Roman Empire to the thirteen original colonies, there is one attribute that is present in almost all of history: the desire for power and control. This struggle for supremacy is at the heart of colonialism, where one nation-state takes political control over another and exploits that nation-state economically. The conflict over power in colonialism is especially true in the interactions between the Old World and the New World, when the Western European nations began to colonize the newly discovered Americas. However, the development of colonialism has become less noticeable over time, as the method of colonization continues to change and humans become more and more intelligent. Throughout the history of the New World, the development of colonialism becomes increasingly subtle because of the changing methodologies for colonization and the continuous expansion of human intelligence, which is evident in Pizarro’s conquest of the Incan empire, American colonists’ h istory of injustices toward Native Americans, and the reasoning behind the Mexican American War. Pizarro’s conquest of the Incan empire is illustrative of the nature of colonialism at the very beginning of the discovery of the New World by European explorers. The rapid colonization of the Americas was far from subtle; the Spanish conquistador method of colonialism is rooted in direct conquest through violence and war. The primary motivation behind colonization for the Old World can be summed up in three words:Show MoreRelatedDead Men s Path By Chinua Achebe1008 Words   |  5 Pagesstory elements that Chinua Achebe is able to connect though-out his story, â€Å"Dead Men’s Path† are the main theme of his story old vs. new, and the conflict that rises from these two worlds clashing together over these two very differing ideas. These two elements come together mainly between Achebe and the main characters Michael Obi, and the village priest, but its also seen between Obi and the villagers that live around the school where Obi teaches. These two elements are v ery well described in AchebeRead MoreConflict Between Old And New1526 Words   |  7 PagesFor being such a non-confrontational generation, conflict is something that humans are generally driven towards. The main factor behind the need for creating conflict today stems between those who favor established ideas against those who want challenge these notions and create new concepts for a constantly flourishing society. Examples of conflict in this generation are sparked by many uses of technology. Everyday objects, like cell phones, are in the midst of the heated argument as people believeRead MoreThe Generational Americanization of Immigrants Essay582 Words   |  3 Pagesproblems and conflicts. For instance, the idea of intergenerational conflicts which is referring to as Americanization is a conflict that arises among the Somali community in Minnesota. The controversies surrounds whether or not the child should follow his/her parents traditions or go along with American culture. This is a conflict between a parent of old-world and the child of new world. The older generation has different views and expectations than their decedents of the new generation. The old generationRead MoreEssay about Character Analysis of Tom Buchanan in the Great Gatsby1402 Words   |  6 Pagesshort-tempered brute and misogynistic. Tom is also part of an old and out dated sort of world that is being swamped all-round the edges by a new and better society. That is the reason why he is acting so tough and also why he hates Jay Gatsby so much, it is because he is afraid, afraid that the world that he knows and all the old-fashioned values of love, wealth and masculinity will come crashing down on him. He dislikes Gatsby because he is part of the new generation and he got rich by a different way to himselfRead MoreInternational Conflict Management By Michael Butler1091 Words   |  5 Pagesothers would argue it just it rhymes the past. World War two had many countries involved in the conflict and every country had its own priorities, beliefs, needs and wants, which made it hard for them to establish common ground among each other. Preventing a conflict completely is a suicide mission, that’s one of the reasons nations have come together in power to create a system which can contain both parties from destroying each other. Collective conflict management have emerged during the Cold warRead MoreHow does Williams present conflict between old and new in Scene Two of ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’?1480 Words   |  6 PagesHow does Williams present conflict between old and new in Scene Two of ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’? Williams presents the conflict between old and new in Scene Two in different ways, such as the manner in which Williams portrays the three characters Blanche, Stanley and Stella, as well the added tension through the structure of the scene, and finally in the stage directions. Through the use of these techniques, an atmosphere of tension is seen and felt by the audience, and the contrasts of theRead MoreDiscuss how class conflict is represented in A Streetcar Named Desire. (A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams)1212 Words   |  5 PagesClass conflict is represented throughout the play, A Streetcar Named Desire in various ways through characters, symbols, ideas and language. Characters such as Blanche, Stella, Mitch and Stanley are used throughout the text to represent the upper and lower classes, as well as the conflict between the two classes. Symbols, ideas and language help to define the different classes as well as helping to represent the conflict between classes. The language (dialogue) of the characters, symbolic use ofRead MoreAnalysis of The Elephant Vanishes by Harucki Murakami Essay1538 Words   |  7 Pagesliterature has adopted new writing aspects as a response of Occidentalism. Some Japanese writers have manifested through their literary works this substitution of culture that besides of being just external changes, it left deep internal conflicts of adaptation in the society. Accordingly, the short story â€Å"The Elephant Vanishes† by Haruki Murakami, one of the most popular Japanese writers of the 21th century, portrays an alienated man who is obsessed with the vanishing of an old elephant and its keeperRead MorePersonal Responsibility toward the Natural World1247 Words   |  5 PagesResponsibility toward the Natural World: The natural world is our only habitat that is a biotic system which experiences much stress to an extent that it threatens to fail in irreversible and significant ways. Currently, most of the huge environmental challenges that confront people such loss of biodiversity, climate change, pollution, and resource depletion have similar emerging patterns. Therefore, numerous changes are required to restore and stabilize the natural world into its functional integrityRead More Post-Cold War Period Causes of Conflict Essay1706 Words   |  7 PagesPost-Cold War Period Causes of Conflict The end of the Cold War meant that the ideological conflict of dominance between East (Soviet Union and Eastern Europe) and West (USA and Western Europe) was over. Contrary to the expectations that world would be much safer in the post-Cold War, United States and Soviet Union were faced with new security issues that they did not know how to deal with. The objective of this essay is to show that with all these changes that

Strategic Analysis fo Rogers Chocolates free essay sample

Mr. Steve Parkhill, president of Rogers’ Chocolate, has been faced with the challenge to double or triple the size of the company within 10 years. Ideas for growth have already been presented by the board, and these include franchising, online business, corporate gift market, and focusing on the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia. It was suggested to focus its efforts outside of British Columbia, but there is no guarantee that they would have the same success elsewhere. The three alternatives that have been presented include developing growth strategies focused on (1) sales, (2) structure, and (3) e-commerce. Upon evaluating each of these alternatives, the one that has been presented to Mr. Parkhill is to develop a growth strategy focused on e-commerce. E-commerce is increasing in popularity each day. Most businesses have an online shopping component which is always convenient. By offering shipping in Canada and the United States, Rogers’ could reach a whole new market. INTRODUCTION In March of 2007, Mr. Steve Parkhill had just started his new job as president of Rogers’ Chocolate. He spent two months training with the former president, and is now considering his options for growing the company. The following outlines the problem he is facing, some company background information, alternatives, recommendation, and a brief plan for implementation. PROBLEM The issue that the president of Rogers’ Chocolates (Rogers’), Mr. Steve Parkhill, is facing is how to double or triple the size of the company within 10 years, at the request of the board of directors. Each of the board members and members of the management team had a different idea of what Rogers’ needed to do to achieve such growth. Mr. Parkhill needs to develop a strategy that would fit with the company’s culture, and then gain the support of the board, the management team, and the employees. BACKGROUND Rogers’ Chocolate was founded by Charles Rogers in 1885 in Victoria, British Columbia. It was Canada’s oldest chocolate company, and British Columbia’s second oldest company. For the past two decades, the company has been owned by a private group comprised mainly of two financial executives and partners with Connor, Clark Lunn, a Vancouver-based investment firm; an art dealer and private investor; and a former owner of Pacific Coach Lines, a Victoria-based bus company. These four and a past president of Rogers’ made up the board of directors. During these twenty years, the company had grown sales by more than 900 percent. ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS There are several alternatives that are available to Mr. Parkhill to assist in increasing the size of the company. In his first few months on the job, Mr. Parkhill had been seeking the opinions of managers and board members on various growth options. Ideas that had already been discussed, though not necessarily fully researched, included franchising, online business, the corporate gift market, and focusing its efforts outside of British Columbia. Develop a growth strategy that focuses on sales There are four way to increase sales: market concentration, innovation, penetration, and diversification. The following outlines each of these areas. Market Concentration In terms of market concentration, each business has possible customers that it has not yet reached, customers that also purchase from other businesses, and customers it has lost. This leads to great potential in discovering ways to increase sales in existing markets. To get customers to purchase more, there are three ways to do so: (1) more frequent use, (2) larger quantities, and (3) new uses. When it comes to more frequent use, the organization shall produce the feeling of becoming a habit. By changing displays or special offers frequently, offering novelties or events, or even advertising the benefits of regular use, customers may be drawn in. Also, Rogers’ could offer a frequent-buyer program, and/or improve convenience. Such things as longer hours, faster preparation, greater availability, and easy payment options could easily attract the market they’ve been missing. Some consumers prefer purchasing products in bulk. It may be for a party, an office meeting, or to save time. Whatever the reason, Rogers’ could offer incentives for bulk purchases or combination buys. They could also encourage stockpiling, which would present packages in larger-than-needed quantities, or perhaps increase the size of servings. There may not be many â€Å"new† uses for chocolate, but there are a variety of ideas. Personal consumption, gifting, prizes, etc. are all ways to use the Rogers’ Chocolates product line. Innovation By actively listening to what customers, employees, and suppliers say, Rogers’ can find ideas for new products, features, or related services. There are several tactics for introducing new products with existing markets, which may be of interest to Mr. Parkhill. The first of these would be introducing replacement products. Simple changes such as the (1) appearance (new colors, packaging, or styling) can revamp a tired product line, (2) message can emphasize econconsciousness or multiculturalism, and (3) technology, which could mean introducing ecommerce, or offer organic ingredients. Some additional features Rogers’ could incorporate would include optional extras, customization, or highlighting special occasions. The option to include complementary items is also available, as well as introducing new items altogether. To do this, Rogers’ would need to extend its brand and capitalize on goodwill, or cross-sell, where they would offer a wider variety of services either supplied by the company under a license from others, or supplied by others who would pay a commission to them. Penetration If Rogers’ has flooded the local market already, the most obvious thing to do to increase sales is to reach out to new buyers. The risk associated with this is that you move before you are profitable in your first market and cannot financially withstand the learning curve a company will face with new customers, or the new competition. It is important to note the ways of penetrating new markets. The first would be segmentation, where Rogers’ would use market research to find new segments that could use their product, or they could re-focus their current segment, and find new uses or applications to capture new customers. Secondly, Rogers’ could focus on geographic outreach, where they could advertise or go for catalogue sales. This would then tie in with developing more locations; open new stores, warehouses or factories, but centralize head office functions at the â€Å"old† location. Rogers’ could also utilize temporary locations, such as kiosks. Diversification Diversification is considered to be the most radical and risky of sales growth strategies, especially for smaller business. It requires new capital investment, new product development, and a new business plan. If it levels out seasonal or cyclical ups and down, it is attractive, and may provide some relief from having all of a company’s attention focused on one point. Rogers’ is not a seasonal operation, but it has its’ peak sales at certain times of the year (i. e. : Christmas, Easter). Finding ideas for the  off-season does not directly apply to Rogers’. Develop a growth strategy that focuses on structure Rather than adding or altering products or entering new markets, structural strategies aim to increase sales by changing the way you do business, specifically by developing relationships with other businesses. This is done through franchising, licensing, and strateg ic alliance. Franchising Franchising sells the right to copy your business in another location, so rather than hiring new employees and opening new outlets, Rogers’ could take on other businesses to reproduce their operation under its’ guidance. The idea of franchising had already been discussed, but not researched. The board was concerned about relinquishing control of the brand and pricing, so this is not a viable option. Licensing Licensing sells the right to manufacture or distribute a product or service or use a technology or trademark. This is a great way to expand without capital investment. As the licensor, Rogers’ would build their business through royalties or commissions while the licensees would grow through product line extension. It is important to consider uniqueness, potential, and adaptability when taking this route. Strategic Alliance A strategic alliance establishes a network or interrelated businesses, with each one performing a separate function. Rogers’ would focus on the core of their business, and expand that aspect while outsourcing other aspects. This would grow the market share and the business, but not necessarily the size. Types of strategic alliances include partnerships, joint ventures, outsourcing, and virtual organizations, and it is important to keep network presence, common goals, and structure in mind. Develop a growth strategy that focuses on e-commerce Technology is a strategic tool for growth, and e-commerce is no exception. While ecommerce has generally produced only marginal revenue gains for existing businesses, it is still very valuable as a virtual display window, shopping source, collaborative site, service depot, transaction centre, and customer gateway to your business. Success with e-commerce greatly depends on obtaining expert technical assistance, and not straying from strategic goals that caused the company to introduce it in the first place. Some strategic goals that e-commerce can assist you in accomplishing are improving efficiency in systems, promoting innovation, creating information systems to improve bottom lines, extending marketing reach and range, and integrating Web presence with your business plan. Once Rogers’ has identified its strategic goals, the next step is to evaluate the kinds of ecommerce activities that can help accomplish their objectives. Typical components of B2B and B2C e-commerce strategies include goods/services trading, online catalogues, sales promotion/advertising, and transaction processing. Most small businesses focus on product promotion through online catalogues, transaction processing, and customer support. Online shopping is becoming an everyday activity for individuals worldwide. By offering products through an online shop, customers have access to the same products, even if there is no physical Rogers’ location in their area. Also, by adding a Web component, Rogers’ would need an IT team, which would increase the employee portion of the company as well. RECOMMENDATION Upon completing a thorough analysis of Rogers’ Chocolates, the recommendation presented to Mr. Parkhill will be to develop a growth strategy that focuses on e-commerce. With online shopping becoming more popular, as well as its convenience, it is guaranteed to increase overall sales, broaden the customer base, and attract a completely new market. We live in a world where online shopping has become a staple, and it is something that customers actually look for now. IMPLEMENTATION In order to get an online shopping component off the ground for Rogers’, Mr. Parkhill would first need to get the board members and management team on board with the idea. Then they would need to develop an IT team. There may be some restructuring involved, and deciding which products to offer online, etc. , but in the long run, it would certainly be worth it. If Rogers’ does not keep up with the modern world, there is a chance that they would be missing out on a great opportunity, and a whole new market they would have never reached otherwise. An online store has the convenience of opening new locations, but without the cost of up keeping them. Also, there is less risk involved. Just because Rogers’ is successful in British Columbia does not mean they would have the same success with a physical location elsewhere. CONCLUSION Upon researching Rogers’ Chocolate, it seems that they have added an online shopping feature to its website. They offer gift baskets, party and wedding favours, truffles, etc. and offer shipping across Canada and the United States. Their mission statement says: Rogers’ Chocolates is committed to producing and marketing fine products which reflect and maintain our reputation of quality and excellence established for over a century. All aspects of our business will be conducted with honesty and integrity, upholding our proud Canadian tradition. After more than 100 years together, Rogers’ is still in business, and doing better than ever.

Rape Fantasies By Margaret Atwood Essays - Rape Fantasies, Humour

Rape Fantasies By Margaret Atwood Irony is the use of words to express something different from and opposite to their literal meaning. It is used with tone and style to create humorous situations. There are various forms of irony. Margaret Atwood uses situational irony, dramatic irony, and verbal irony in "Rape Fantasies". Situational irony refers to circumstances in which bad things happen to good people, or in which rewards are not earned because forces beyond human comprehension seem to be in total control. Margaret Atwood uses situational irony in Estelle's first rape fantasy. Rapists are violent criminals that violate women physically, mentally, and emotionally. Estelle's would-be rapist is patient and understanding. You're intending to rape me, right? and he nods, so I open my purse to get the plastic lemon, and I can't find it!... so I ask him to hold out his hands, like this and I pile all this junk into them and down at the bottom there's the plastic lemon, and I can't get the top off. So I hand it to him and he's very obliging, he twists the top off, and hands it back to me, and I squirt him in the eye." (277) In dramatic irony, characters have only a nonexistent, partial, incorrect, or misguided understanding of what is happening to them. All of Estelle's rape fantasies start out as serious situations, but quickly turn absurd. In Estelle's fantasy, the rapist has a cold and should be home in bed. The rapist allows Estelle to take care of him and forgets why he climbed in her window. "...god knows why he even bothered to get out of bed, you'd think if you were going to go around climbing in windows you'd wait until you were healthier, right? I mean, that takes a certain amount of energy. So I ask him why doesn't he let me fix him a NeoCitran and scotch, that's what I always take, you still have the cold but you don't feel it, so I do and we end up watching the Late Show together." (279) Word choice is the characteristic of verbal irony, in which what is meant is usually the opposite of what is said. A good example of verbal irony is when the rapist grabs Estelle's arm. Estelle says, sad and dignified, "You'd be raping a corpse." (280) Margaret Atwood uses these different forms of irony to create a humorous story out of a serious situation. Women having rape fantasies is ironic in itself. Without all the ironic situations, this story would be boring and bland. Bibliography Atwood, Margaret. "Rape Fantasies". Literature: An Introduction to Reading and Writing. Eds. Roberts, Edgar V. and Jacobs, Henry E. 1998:275-281